packt hands on network programming with c

Hands-On Network Programming with C, published by Packt. Leaving school to pursue his career full-time, he has accumulated 7 years of experience as a professional software engineer, working in a wide range of industries. Design scalable and high-performance enterprise applications using the latest features of C# 8 and .NET Core 3, Get up to speed with using C# 8 and .NET Core 3.0 features to build real-world .NET Core applications, A beginner's guide to building fully functioning web applications from scratch using the latest features of ASP.NET Core 3 and C# 8, Explore the new features in Visual Studio 2019 and build apps using WPF, .NET Core, TypeScript, and Azure. This is similar to how phone calls must be dialed to phone numbers. The web server does this by applying the appropriate HTTP response header to the HTML: The HTTP is transmitted as part of a TCP session. This address essentially means establish a connection to myself. Chapter 4, Packets and Streams. On Unix-based systems, we use either the ifconfig or ip addr commands. As you advance, you’ll gain insights into asynchronous socket programming and streams, and explore debugging and error handling. Our next step is to loop through this linked list and print information for each adapter and address: We first define a new variable, adapter, which we use to walk through the linked list of adapters. This book covers the following exciting features: If you feel this book is for you, get your copy today! The city is analogous to the network part, the street name could be the subnetwork part, and your house number is the device part. Learn more. This is especially common when using IPv4. Eventually, your data reaches a router that is connected to the receiving device, at which point, the data has reached its destination: Imagine that each router in the preceding diagram is connected to tens, hundreds, or even thousands of other routers and systems. They are commonly divided into four 8-bit sections. Each section is displayed as a decimal number between 0 and 255 inclusive and is delineated by a period. download the GitHub extension for Visual Studio, Uncover cross-platform socket programming APIs, Implement techniques for supporting IPv4 and IPv6, Understand how TCP and UDP connections work over IP, Discover how hostname resolution and DNS work, Interface with web APIs using HTTP and HTTPS, Acquire hands-on experience with the email protocol (SMTP), Gain real-world expertise with practical network applications, Explore new approaches for the Internet of Things (IoT). Regardless of these differences, in this book, we strive to write code that works well for both IPv4 and IPv6. You would use it like traceroute example.com, for example, but the information obtained is essentially the same. These standards are called protocols. For example, consider a router on the 10.0.0.0 network with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0. When GetAdapterAddresses() returns successfully, it will have written a linked list into adapters with each adapter's address information. The new Internet of Things (IoT) trend has people rushing to connect even more unlikely devices every day. It comes in two versions—IPv4 and IPv6. For example, if you use two web browsers to establish two simultaneous connections to example.com on port 80, then your operating system keeps the connections separate by looking at the local IP address, local port, remote IP address, remote port, and protocol. If this record exists, an IPv6 address is returned. His projects include feature-rich and high performance front-end user interfaces exposed to millions of consumers, as well as high performance web services and APIs. He is active in the open-source community and has published several popular open-source programs and libraries, many of them in C. Today, Lewis spends much of his time consulting, where he loves taking on difficult projects that other programmers have given up on. IPv6 uses CIDR. If this record exists, you will receive an IPv4 address for the server. Next, we call GetAdapterAddresses(). IPv4 reserves some address ranges for private use. If you are behind a NAT, there is often no good way to know your public IP address. Network programming enables processes to communicate with each other over a computer network, but it is a complex task that requires programming with multiple libraries and protocols. A protocol from this layer, such as HTTP used to transmit web pages, doesn't have to concern itself with how the data is being transmitted. Likewise, if you're programming an internet router, you don't want to have to worry about how JPEG images are compressed. We are interested in AF_INET (IPv4 addresses) and AF_INET6 (IPv6 addresses). The book will also cover HTTP and HTTPS for communicating between your browser and website, and delve into hostname resolution with DNS, which is crucial to the functioning of the modern web. It is ::1. We learned that there are two Internet Protocol versions, IPv4 and IPv6. If it is set to AF_INET, then we know this is an IPv4 address. The examples in this chapter use libssh. The Windows networking API is called Winsock, and we will go into much more detail about it in the next chapter. To begin with, we need to define _WIN32_WINNT and include the needed headers: The _WIN32_WINNT macro must be defined first so that the proper version of the Windows headers are included. These lower-level data structures must, therefore, encapsulate data from the higher levels. You will need to link to these libraries explicitly on the command line, for example, gcc win_list.c -o win_list.exe -liphlpapi -lws2_32. Uncover cross-platform socket programming APIs 2. A web browser (client) must establish the connection by sending the first packet to the web server address and port. To begin with, we include the necessary system headers: We declare a variable, addresses, which stores the addresses. To learn more about our use of cookies see our Privacy Statement. To learn more about our use of cookies see our Privacy Statement. They are useful for a system to accesses auto-configuration functions before having an assigned IP address. For example, you can compile this program using MinGW with the following command: We will cover Winsock initialization and usage in more detail in Chapter 2, Getting to Grips with Socket APIs. If you can use IP multicasting on your local network, though, it is worthwhile to implement it. It uses a 128-bit address, which allows it to address a theoretical 2128 = 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456, or about a 3.4 x 1038 addresses. The router does this by modifying the source IP address from the original private LAN IP address to its public internet IP address: Likewise, when the router receives the return communication, it must modify the destination address from its public IP to the private IP of the original sender. Try these questions to test your knowledge from this chapter: The answers are in Appendix A, Answers to Questions. IPv4 is completely ubiquitous and deployed everywhere. Instructions for installing all of the require software are provided in the the appendices. More information on tracert and traceroute can be found in Chapter 12, Network Monitoring and Security. Imagine if one peer was able to broadcast a packet to every connected internet device. In the telephone analogy, a call must be initiated first by one party. It does a bitwise AND operation on this address with the subnet mask of 255.255.255.0, which produces 10.0.0.0. However, you should also support IPv6 to be future-proof and to help the world to transition away from IPv4. If nothing happens, download GitHub Desktop and try again. Become an expert at C++ by learning all the key C++ concepts and working through interesting exercises, Learn functional programming and build robust applications using the latest functional features in C++. Next, we allocate a buffer, ap, to store the text representation of the address. The word 'Packt' and the Packt logo are registered trademarks belonging to You’ll work with robust, reliable, and secure code that is portable across operating systems, including Winsock sockets for Windows and POSIX sockets for Linux and macOS. The first parameter, AF_UNSPEC, tells Windows that we want both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses. A comprehensive guide to programming with network sockets, implementing internet protocols, designing IoT devices, and much more with C Hands-On Network Programming with C JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. Network programming enables processes to communicate with each other over a computer network, but it is a complex task that requires programming with multiple libraries and protocols. He has over 15 years of programming experience with the C programming language on a variety of operating systems and platforms. In both models, the same functions are performed; they are just divided differently. Multicast involves some group management, and a message is addressed and delivered to members of a group. Any other return value is an error. In addition to modifying the source IP address in the packet, it must also update the checksums in the packet.

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